quiz#7

quiz#1

Score » 76 out of 100
Total Correct » 25 out of 33 correct
% Score » 75.76 %

Quiz#6

reflection paper#7

The threefold approach to education in the ancient civilizations of Egypt and Mesopotamia were home schooling, apprenticeship and temple education. Just as in the 21st century, children in ancient Egypt emulated adult behavior. Most children who are homeschooled by their Parents by a 25% rating actually want to take up their parents Trade or profession. The only difference is the fact that in Egypt, more often than not, the children were learning their ultimate trade or professions by the very simulation of their parents and in the modern time most children imitate their parents but don’t actually take up their parents professions in the future. As Egyptian children grew older they took on more of the responsibilities on farms, workshops, vineyards, and gained expedient skills and understanding from the elderly. Along with the skills also came moral attitudes and views of life. Parents instilled their ideas about the world, folk rituals, their religious standpoint, and their viewpoints on correct behavior toward others, and toward the deities (the gods). Home schooling wasn’t the same for all children in Egypt. For example, they had formal vocational training along with scribal at-home teaching. Young men and women were not taught the same things. Because young men did not choose their own careers and pursued the family trade or profession, they were often taken on as assistants if their fathers were officials so that they were able to experience on-the-job training. In doing this they were becoming more equipped to take up their father’s profession in the future. Young women from less superior families would typically stay indoors and handle the household, sing, dance and play musical instruments. The children of poorer families such as fishermen and farmers had even less formal education. They learned how to sow, garner and harvest, make nets catching and preparing fish. You would mainly find them out in the field milking cows or sowing seeds rather than in school where they should be. Basically their education was made up of manual labor. As for apprentices, they were people who were legally bound through bond of a master craftsman in order to learn a trade. The early Egyptians, Greeks, and Romans all had systems of apprenticeship. Most superb pyramids and temples that are still here today are evidence that the system of apprenticeship clearly did make a difference. Temple education was just like every other school during the ancient time. Cuneiform was used for everything from letters and prayers to incantations, dictionaries, and even mathematical and astronomical treatises.

reflection paper#6

The invention of writing is so crucial to the establishment of the world’s great ancient civilization because writing provided a way of extending human memory by imprinting information into media less erratic than the human brain. During the time when humans created relics and artifacts, the need for teaching others how to use those artifacts became necessary. If modern humans such as San in South West Africa and Cro Magnon in southwest Europe did not begin drawing pictures 40,000 years ago artifacts would not have been revealed in the human mind. A form of script identified as cuneiform was invented in 3200BC by the Sumerians and flourished between the 3100BC to 2000BC. This writing fell into abandonment after this time had gone by yet scholars achieved in decoding it last century and today we that are just finding out about cuneiform writing can examine all of the many thousands of extant cuneiform inscriptions. The name cuneiform means “wedge shaped”. About 9000 years ago, Farmers used tokens marked with plain pictures to label basic farm manufacture. With the increase in technology of cities and urban centers of manufacture 6000 years ago, more intricate pictographic tokens were also devised to label manufactured goods. Eventually, the tokens were replaced by impressions made on clay tablets. The simple tokens used to indicate farm goods gave rise to the practice of pressing tokens into the clay tablets to produce a raised picture. Tokens were used to denote manufactured goods, drawn on the clay tablets with a rounded reed, were called a stylus (pen-shaped instruments used in drawing or artwork). The impressions left by the stylus were wedge shaped, therefore giving augment to the name cuneiform, wedge-writing. Another element of writing used by the Sumerians was pictographic impressions. These impressions were used as remembrance aids in the recording of financially viable data. Some words in the Sumerian language were spelled alike but had no commonsense connection in meaning. Only when looking at the sound of the Sumerian language does the reason for using the pictograph in any way become understandable. In becoming sound symbols, most pictographs began to be stylized and lost their iconographic form altogether. Numerous examples of true writing in the Sumerian cuneiform syllabify have been found that date after 3000BC. Overall I believe that the invention of writing played a very important role in the establishment of the world’s great ancient civilization. If writing were not invented writing forms such as the ones just mentioned in my reflection and many others would not have been in existence.